Author Guidelines

Guidelines for Manuscript Preparation and Submission

1. General Requirements

Authors submitting manuscripts to the journal must comply with these guidelines and use the official journal template. Manuscripts must be systematically organized, written in clear academic language, supported by evidence-based arguments, and demonstrate a meaningful contribution to the advancement of scientific knowledge, technology, or professional practice within the journal's aims and scope.

Articles accepted for publication must meet the following requirements:

Manuscripts must be 5–12 pages in length, including tables, figures, acknowledgments, author statements, and references.
Manuscripts must use a single-column layout in accordance with the official journal template.
The primary font must be Aptos Narrow, with font sizes specified for each section in the template.
Manuscripts may be written in Indonesian or English and must comply with academic writing conventions, grammatical accuracy, and consistent terminology.
Manuscripts must fall within the journal's aims and scope.
Manuscripts must constitute original work, must not be under consideration for publication elsewhere, and must not violate copyright or academic integrity principles.
All data, analyses, quotations, figures, tables, equations, and references must be accurate, traceable, and used responsibly.
Authors must follow the IEEE citation and referencing style specified in these guidelines.
Authors must provide declarations regarding generative artificial intelligence use, author contributions, funding, and conflicts of interest, as applicable.
Manuscripts that do not satisfy the basic submission requirements may be returned to the authors for correction before substantive scientific evaluation.

Authors are encouraged to use reference management software, such as Mendeley or EndNote, to maintain consistency between in-text citations and the reference list.

2. Types of Articles

The journal considers the following article types, subject to its aims and scope.

2.1. Original Research Article

An original research article reports research with clearly defined objectives, scientifically justified methods, adequate data, systematic analysis, and identifiable scientific findings and contributions. The article must explain the research gap and demonstrate its novelty in relation to previous studies.

2.2. Review Article

A review article provides a critical synthesis of developments in a particular field. It must establish a clear review objective or research question, describe a transparent literature search strategy appropriate to the review type, specify source-selection criteria where relevant, and provide comparative analysis that generates new insights or a conceptual framework. A review must go beyond merely summarizing previously published studies.

2.3. Case Report

A case report discusses a technical, practical, or specific empirical case with meaningful scientific or professional value. It must explain the case context, objectives, procedures or methods, supporting evidence, evaluation results, and the lessons or implications derived from the case.

2.4. Short Communication

A short communication presents preliminary findings, a specific significant result, or a technical contribution that warrants concise reporting. It must still include clear objectives, adequate methods or procedures, supporting evidence, relevant discussion, and conclusions consistent with the findings.

All article types must satisfy the journal's standards for academic integrity, scientific relevance, source traceability, and quality of argumentation.

3. Manuscript Structure and Organization

Manuscripts must follow the sequence below:

Article title in Indonesian and English.
Author names, affiliations, and corresponding author details.
Abstract in Indonesian.
Keywords in Indonesian.
Abstract in English.
Keywords in English.
Copyright and licensing statement.
1. Introduction.
1. Methods.
1. Results and Discussion.
1. Conclusion.
Acknowledgments, where applicable.
Declaration of Generative Artificial Intelligence Use.
Author Contributions.
Funding Statement.
Conflict of Interest.
References.

Additional sections, such as Acknowledgments, may be omitted when not applicable. Other declarations must reflect the actual circumstances of the research and comply with journal policy.

4. Article Title

Every manuscript must provide its title in both Indonesian and English.

The following requirements apply:

Titles must be concise, specific, informative, and representative of the main substance of the research.
Titles should identify the research focus, principal object or variables, and research context where appropriate.
The English title must be an accurate translation of the Indonesian title and must remain consistent with its meaning.
Avoid titles that are excessively broad, ambiguous, exaggerated, or inconsistent with the manuscript's content.
Avoid uncommon abbreviations, unnecessary formulas, and terminology that may cause ambiguity.
Both titles must use Aptos Narrow, 14 pt, bold, and centered, in accordance with the journal template.

5. Author Names and Affiliations

All authors must be identified by their appropriate academic or professional names. The author order must reflect the contributions agreed upon by all authors.

The following information must be provided:

Full name of each author.
Superscript affiliation numbers linking each author to their institution.
Department or study program, faculty, university or institution, city, and country.
Email address of the corresponding author.

Author names must use Aptos Narrow, 11 pt. Affiliation details and the corresponding author's email address must use Aptos Narrow, 10 pt.

The corresponding author is responsible for communication with the editor and journal throughout submission, peer review, revision, and publication. All authors must approve the final manuscript and agree on the authorship order before submission.

6. Abstract and Keywords

6.1. Indonesian Abstract

The Indonesian abstract must be written as a single paragraph of no more than 200 words. It must be self-contained and communicate the essence of the research concisely.

The abstract must include, at a minimum:

Research background or problem.
Research objective.
Methods or approach.
Main findings supported by data.
Conclusion and research implications, where relevant.

Citations, tables, figures, and equations are not permitted in the abstract. Avoid generic statements that do not explain the research findings. The main results should be presented specifically rather than simply stating that the research was successfully conducted.

6.2. Indonesian Keywords

Provide five words or phrases representing the main concepts of the research. Keywords must appear immediately after the abstract and be separated by semicolons.

Select specific, relevant terms that facilitate indexing and article retrieval. Avoid unnecessary repetition of all the words used in the title.

6.3. English Abstract and Keywords

The English abstract must be written as a single paragraph of no more than 200 words. It must be consistent with the Indonesian abstract in terms of objectives, methods, main findings, and conclusions.

Provide five English keywords that are conceptually equivalent to the Indonesian keywords.

The Indonesian abstract, Indonesian keywords, English abstract, and English keywords must use Aptos Narrow, 11 pt, in accordance with the journal template.

7. Copyright and Licensing Statement

The manuscript must include the following licensing statement, as specified in the journal template:

Replace [Year] with the actual year of publication. Authors must ensure that the use of third-party materials, including figures, tables, and illustrations, complies with applicable copyright requirements and licensing terms.

8. Introduction

The Introduction establishes the scientific foundation and rationale for the research. Authors must develop a logical argument that moves from the broader problem to the specific research issue being addressed.

The Introduction must include the following elements.

8.1. Background

Explain the research context, current conditions, significance of the issue, and reasons the study is necessary. Factual statements and claims based on previous studies must be supported by relevant references.

8.2. State of the Art

Describe current research developments using relevant scientific literature, particularly primary publications and studies published within the last ten years. The discussion must identify important findings, approaches used, and the current state of knowledge in the research field.

8.3. Research Gap

Identify unresolved issues, limitations of previous approaches, inconsistencies in existing findings, or unmet research needs. The research gap must be derived from critical literature analysis rather than from an unsupported claim that a topic has never been studied.

8.4. Novelty and Contribution

Clearly explain the novelty or contribution offered by the study. Novelty may involve a methodological approach, model development, an application context that generates new insights, empirical findings, or conceptual synthesis. Claims of novelty must be proportionate and supported by comparisons with previous studies.

8.5. Research Objectives

State the research objectives explicitly at the end of the Introduction. The objectives must be consistent with the problem statement, research gap, methods, findings, and conclusions.

The Introduction must not consist solely of definitions or summaries of previous literature. Each reference must contribute to the scientific argument and establish the rationale for the study.

9. Methods

The Methods section must describe the research procedures in sufficient detail and in a systematic manner so that readers can understand, evaluate, and, where feasible, reproduce the study.

Depending on the research design, this section should include the following:

Research design: Describe the research approach, design, or framework.
Location and period: Specify the research location and study period where relevant.
Research objects, population, and sample: Explain the study objects, population, unit of analysis, sampling technique, sample size, and justification for sample selection where applicable.
Data sources and types: Identify primary and secondary data and explain their sources.
Data collection techniques: Describe observations, surveys, interviews, measurements, laboratory tests, simulations, document analysis, or other procedures used.
Instruments and equipment: Identify relevant instruments, software, important specifications, and calibration procedures where applicable.
Variables and parameters: Define the variables, indicators, parameters, units, and evaluation criteria used.
Standards and procedures: Identify the technical standards, guidelines, protocols, or analytical methods applied, including versions or publication years where relevant.
Analytical methods: Explain data processing, equations, models, statistical tests, interpretation techniques, or literature synthesis methods.
Research ethics: Describe ethical approval or participant consent where the study involves human participants, personal data, or other subjects requiring specific authorization.

For quantitative studies, explain the analytical procedures, assumptions, and evaluation criteria. For qualitative studies, describe participant selection, data collection, coding or thematic analysis, and procedures for ensuring the credibility of findings. For engineering studies, explain design parameters, boundary conditions, modeling assumptions, applicable standards, and validation procedures where relevant. For review articles, describe the search strategy, databases, search terms, time range, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and synthesis methods appropriate to the review type.

The Methods section must provide sufficient detail to support the evaluation of research validity and reproducibility. Essential methodological information must not be omitted merely by referring to previous studies.

10. Results and Discussion

The Results and Discussion section presents the research findings and provides scientific analysis explaining their meaning, relevance, and contribution.

10.1. Presentation of Results

Results must be organized according to the research objectives or questions. Relevant evidence may include measurements, calculations, statistical tests, simulation outputs, interview quotations, or other empirical evidence appropriate to the research design.

The following requirements apply:

Each main finding must be traceable to the data or procedures described in the Methods section.
Tables, graphs, figures, and equations should be used when they improve the presentation or interpretation of findings.
Avoid unnecessary duplication of the same data in the text, tables, and figures.
Include units, explanatory notes, testing conditions, and other supporting information where necessary.
Distinguish measured results, calculated results, interpretations, and recommendations.
Do not present data unrelated to the research objectives without a clear scientific justification.

10.2. Analysis and Interpretation

Authors must explain the meaning of the findings, observed patterns, relationships among results, factors influencing the findings, and plausible mechanisms that may explain the observed phenomena.

Interpretations must be based on the data and sound scientific reasoning. Causal claims must not be made when the research design supports only associations or correlations. Uncertainty, assumptions, and data limitations must be considered when interpreting the findings.

10.3. Comparison with Previous Studies

Compare the findings with relevant and current theories, standards, and previous studies. The comparison must explain:

Similarities and differences between findings.
Possible reasons for agreement or disagreement.
The influence of differences in methods, samples, testing conditions, or research contexts.
The contribution of the findings to existing knowledge.

Statements that findings are “consistent with” or “different from” previous studies must be supported by adequate scientific explanation.

10.4. Contributions and Implications

Explain how the findings address the research gap and support the novelty stated in the Introduction. Discuss theoretical, methodological, practical, or policy implications as appropriate to the research.

Clearly distinguish findings directly demonstrated by the evidence from interpretations, explanatory hypotheses, and author recommendations.

10.5. Research Limitations

Where relevant, discuss limitations associated with data, methods, samples, assumptions, instruments, study scope, or generalizability. Limitations should help qualify claims and clarify the conditions under which the findings may apply.

Results and Discussion may be presented together or in separate subsections, depending on the nature of the study. However, every article must establish a clear relationship among the findings, interpretations, previous literature, research gap, and scientific contribution.

11. Conclusion

The Conclusion must directly address the research objectives and be based on the findings and discussion presented in the manuscript.

The Conclusion should include, as applicable:

The main findings that answer the research objectives or questions.
The significance or principal contribution of the findings.
Practical or theoretical implications.
Recommendations or directions for future research, where supported by the findings and limitations.

The Conclusion must be concise, specific, and free from detailed repetition of the Discussion. It must not introduce new data, findings that have not been discussed, or claims that exceed the available evidence.

When presented as a separate section, use the heading “4. Conclusion.” Recommendations for future research must be directly related to the findings or limitations identified in the study.

12. Acknowledgments

The Acknowledgments section recognizes individuals, institutions, laboratories, partners, or other parties who provided relevant support but do not qualify for authorship.

Names must be stated accurately, and permission should be obtained from the individuals concerned before acknowledging them. Financial support must also be disclosed in the Funding Statement.

This section may be omitted if no specific acknowledgment is necessary.

13. Declaration of Generative Artificial Intelligence Use

Authors must disclose the use of generative artificial intelligence in accordance with journal policy and applicable requirements.

13.1. When Generative AI Has Been Used

State the name of the AI tool or platform, its purpose, and the section of the manuscript in which it was used. For example:

“The authors used [name of AI tool or platform] to assist with [purpose of use] in the [relevant manuscript section]. All generated outputs were reviewed, verified, and edited by the authors. The authors accept full responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, scientific content, and final version of the manuscript.”

13.2. When Generative AI Has Not Been Used

Use the following statement only if it accurately reflects the actual circumstances:

“The authors declare that no generative artificial intelligence was used to generate or develop the scientific content of this manuscript.”

Authors must ensure that the declaration reflects actual use and complies with the journal's AI policy. AI tools cannot be listed as authors. Responsibility for the manuscript's content, data accuracy, originality, and ethical compliance remains with the authors.

14. Author Contributions

Each author must have made a genuine contribution to the research or preparation of the manuscript. Individual contributions must be disclosed transparently.

Authors may use the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy), which includes roles such as:

Conceptualization.
Methodology.
Investigation.
Data curation.
Formal analysis.
Software.
Validation.
Visualization.
Writing – original draft.
Writing – review and editing.
Supervision.
Project administration.
Funding acquisition.

Include only roles that each author actually performed. For example:

“The First Author contributed to conceptualization, methodology, data analysis, and drafting the original manuscript. The Second Author contributed to data collection and validation. The Third Author contributed to supervision and manuscript review. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.”

This example must be adapted to reflect actual contributions and must not be used without verification.

15. Funding Statement

Authors must disclose all funding sources that supported the research, including the name of the funding institution or program and the grant or contract number, where available.

For funded research, use an appropriate statement, for example:

“This research was funded by [name of funding institution or program] under [grant or contract number].”

For research that received no specific funding, use the following statement if accurate:

“This research received no specific funding from public, commercial, or not-for-profit funding agencies.”

The statement must reflect the actual circumstances and must not conceal relevant financial support.

16. Conflict of Interest

Authors must disclose financial, professional, personal, or other relationships that could potentially influence the conduct of the research, interpretation of results, or preparation of the manuscript.

If no conflict of interest exists, use the following statement:

“The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest that could have influenced the conduct of the research, interpretation of the results, or preparation of this manuscript.”

If a conflict of interest exists, its nature must be explained transparently. Disclosure does not automatically imply misconduct; it is necessary to maintain transparency and scientific trust.

17. Requirements for Tables, Figures, Graphs, and Equations

17.1. Tables

Number tables consecutively according to their first appearance in the manuscript.
Place the table title above the table.
Refer to every table in the text before it appears, using the format “Table 1.”
Use informative titles, clear column headings, and measurement units where necessary.
Place explanations of symbols, abbreviations, data sources, and relevant notes below the table when needed.
Ensure that tables are legible and do not unnecessarily duplicate information already explained in the text.

17.2. Figures and Graphs

Number figures and graphs consecutively.
Place figure captions below the figures.
Refer to every figure in the text before it appears, using the format “Figure 1.”
Ensure that figures have adequate resolution and readability.
Graphs must include axis labels, units, legends, and supporting information where relevant.
Adapted or reproduced figures from other sources must be appropriately attributed and comply with applicable copyright requirements.
Figures must not be manipulated in ways that alter their meaning or misrepresent the evidence.

17.3. Equations

Number equations consecutively using numerals in parentheses.
Place equation numbers at the right margin.
Refer to each equation in the text using the format “Equation (1).”
Define all symbols, variables, parameters, constants, and units if they have not been defined previously.
Ensure that equations are clearly presented and consistent with the analytical methods used.

Figures, tables, and equations should be placed as close as practical to the text in which they are first cited. Numbering must remain consistent throughout the manuscript.

18. Citations and References: IEEE Style

All in-text citations and reference entries must follow the IEEE referencing style. References must be numbered according to the order of their first appearance in the text.

18.1. In-Text Citations

Use reference numbers enclosed in square brackets, such as [1].
When citing multiple sources, provide each reference number separately, such as [1], [2], [3].
Reuse the same reference number whenever the same source is cited again.
Do not assign different numbers to the same source.
Place citations as close as possible to the statements they support.
Avoid irrelevant, unverified, or inappropriate citations that do not substantively support the associated claims.

18.2. Number and Types of References

Each article must include at least 15 references. Authors must prioritize primary sources, including scientific journal articles, conference proceedings, theses, dissertations, verifiable scientific manuscripts, and research monographs.

Textbooks, general websites, popular news sources, and other secondary sources may be used when relevant, but should not dominate the reference list when suitable primary sources are available.

Every reference must be substantively used to support the theoretical background, methodology, analysis, or discussion.

18.3. Currency of References

References published within the last ten years should be prioritized to demonstrate awareness of current research developments. Older references may be included when they represent foundational sources, classical theories, important standards, or original publications necessary to explain specific concepts.

Classical references must not serve as the sole basis for claims of novelty. Novelty must be established through critical analysis of relevant and recent previous studies.

18.4. Bibliographic Metadata

Each reference must contain the bibliographic information required for its source type, including author names, title, journal or publisher name, volume, issue, page range or article number, year, and DOI where available.

Metadata must be verified against the original publication, the publisher's official website, or a reliable scholarly database. Authors must not invent DOIs, author names, titles, page numbers, or other bibliographic information.

All author names must be presented according to the IEEE format adopted by the journal. Avoid using “et al.” in the reference list when the journal's requirements call for the full names of all authors.

18.5. Examples of IEEE References

Journal article:

[1] Z. Li, H. Wang, and Y. Zhang, “Performance evaluation of recycled aggregate concrete under cyclic loading,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 201, pp. 1–12, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.203.

Book:

[2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems. Belmont, CA, USA: Wadsworth, 1993.

Conference paper:

[3] A. B. Rahman and S. H. Lee, “Seismic performance of RC structures using nonlinear analysis,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, Chicago, IL, USA, 2019, pp. 221–228.

Thesis or dissertation:

[4] A. A. Author, “Title of thesis or dissertation,” M.S. thesis or Ph.D. dissertation, Name of Department, Name of University, City, Country, Year.

These examples illustrate the required format. Authors must verify the metadata of each reference against the original publication before submission.

18.6. Reference Consistency Checklist

Before submission, authors must ensure that:

Every source in the reference list is cited in the text.
Every in-text citation has a corresponding reference entry.
Reference numbers follow the order of first appearance.
No reference number is assigned to more than one source.
Bibliographic information and DOIs have been verified.
Each reference is relevant to the statement it supports.
Quotations and ideas from other sources are appropriately acknowledged.
References are not included merely to increase the total reference count.

19. Publication Ethics and Academic Integrity

Authors must uphold academic integrity throughout all stages of research and publication.

The following ethical requirements apply:

Originality: Manuscripts must constitute original work and must not be under simultaneous consideration by another journal.
Plagiarism prevention: All quotations, ideas, data, and materials originating from other sources must be appropriately acknowledged and cited.
Data integrity: Data must not be fabricated, falsified, misleadingly altered, or presented out of context.
Duplicate publication: Authors must not inappropriately publish substantially the same material as multiple articles without acceptable disclosure and justification.
Responsible authorship: All authors must make genuine contributions and approve the final manuscript.
Transparency: Funding, conflicts of interest, AI use, and research limitations must be disclosed as appropriate.
Copyright: Third-party materials must be used in accordance with applicable permissions and licensing requirements.
Corrections and clarifications: Authors must cooperate with the editor when clarification is required regarding data, methods, references, or research integrity.

The journal reserves the right to conduct preliminary checks and request clarification or revision when concerns arise regarding originality, citation accuracy, data completeness, or compliance with these guidelines.

20. Pre-Submission Checklist

Before submitting a manuscript, authors should complete the following checklist.

The manuscript falls within the journal's aims and scope.
The article is 5–12 pages long and uses a single-column layout.
The Indonesian and English titles are consistent.
Author names, affiliations, and the corresponding author's email address are complete.
The Indonesian and English abstracts each contain no more than 200 words.
The Indonesian keywords and English keywords each contain five terms or phrases.
The Introduction explains the state of the art, research gap, novelty, and objectives.
The Methods section is sufficiently detailed and appropriate to the research objectives.
The Results and Discussion section includes critical analysis and comparison with previous studies.
The Conclusion addresses the objectives and is supported by the findings.
All figures, tables, and equations are numbered and cited in the text.
The manuscript contains at least 15 references, prioritizing primary sources.
In-text citations and references consistently follow the IEEE style.
Reference metadata and DOIs have been verified.
Acknowledgments, AI-use declaration, author contributions, funding statement, and conflict-of-interest statement reflect the actual circumstances.
The manuscript has been checked for language quality, terminology consistency, formatting, and academic integrity.

21. Article Template

Authors must use the official journal template to ensure consistency in manuscript formatting and editorial style.

Download the article template: [download link here].

The template includes the required formats for titles, author information, abstracts, keywords, article sections, tables, figures, equations, author declarations, and references.

Authors are encouraged to use the template from the beginning of manuscript preparation. Compliance with the template does not replace the requirement to meet the scientific content and publication ethics standards specified in these guidelines.